There are also virtues based on the concept of junzi (cf. The key principles and values include xin, zhong or shuzhong, cheng and ren.

It is comprehensive because it contains the key parameters of ethics: principles, values and virtues, and can function as both virtue ethics and deontological ethics in Western ethical terms ( Tao 1998). Unlike virtue or Aristotelian ethics ( Yu 2007 see also Chapter 2 вЂњVirtue ethics in translationвЂќ in this volume), Confucian ethics is neither normative nor virtue-based but a combination of both ( Liu Yuli 2011, 7). Chinese tradition is thus deeply affected by Confucian ethics ( Gan 2019, 1). Translation scholar Zhang Boran makes a similar observation: the national psychological structure of the Chinese people has been consistent for much of its history (see Zhang and Xin 2016, 48). For Liang and Zhu, вЂњethicsвЂќ refers to Confucian ethics, which have been practised in China by both individuals and institutions for the past two millennia and have developed into something like a collective unconsciousness.

For them, philosophy is ethics, and merely ethics (1985, 215). Zhu Guangqian (1897вЂ“1986), a prestigious contemporary aesthetician, in his masterpiece Tragic Psychology, observes that the Chinese people rarely engage with abstract thinking, nor do they strive to address questions that have little to do with reality. Liang Shuming (1893вЂ“1988) ( 2011, 78), a philosopher who has been described as the last Confucian, has argued that as a country with a long history, China is a society вЂњcentred on ethics,вЂќ in the sense that ethics permeate almost every aspect of Chinese history, including politics, culture and the military ( Cai 2009, 8). This chapter explores Chinese discourse on translation ethics and aims to elucidate the Chinese tradition. 1 Translation ethics are no exception careful analysis of their discourse is indispensable. According to Chen Jiaying (2015), a contemporary Chinese philosopher, вЂњstudies on ethics are always interwoven with studies on the discourse of ethicsвЂќ (6). The more complex, the more necessary to deliberate on it. Ethics is always complex, in practice or theory.

Zhang jing translator